即将举行的网络研讨会:实现无需离心的流式细胞术样品制备工作流程的标准化
很明显,单细胞测序技术不一定是高通量的,有单细胞测序技术,有高通量测序技术,所有高通量技术包括高通量测序技术,高通量技术用于单细胞测序。要从技术层面理解单细胞测序,分析其优势,就必然要准确把握“单细胞测序”和“高通量技术”的概念。
单细胞指的是单个(只有一个)细胞。单细胞分析统称为单细胞分析,单细胞测序为单细胞测序。如果是对多个细胞或一组细胞的测序,就不是单细胞测序。例如,对公众开放的实验性基因测序通常需要抽取受试者的血液,做一个简单的步骤,然后直接提取特定的DNA。至于如何提取这个白细胞,或那个白细胞,或血液中的游离DNA,目前还不清楚。另一个例子是研究,这通常涉及对从肿瘤组织中分离出来的大量细胞进行测序。单细胞测序是一种特殊的测序;目前,大多数测序都不是在单细胞水平上完成的。
独立平行反应的数量。这些反应在不同的容器或反应堆中,那么对彼此来说高通量意味着什么呢?通量,你可以认为是独立和平行的实验独立,互不干扰;但是在同一时间(或几乎在同一时间)相同的环境中,所以是平行的。假设我们分析一个细胞,高通量技术存在的主要原因是它有效地节省了一次实验所需的人力物力成本。此外,同一类型的反应可以同时展开三个以上,可以消除随机性对反应结果的影响,从而获得更严谨的反应结果。
实现高通量的更原始的方法是让实验室苦力用他们的手操作移液器,将各种试剂添加到96孔板或384孔板。但是人工操作非常有限,速度也有限。很有可能到100个反应的时候,100个反应已经开始了,一个反应已经结束了。那么这两个反应可以称为平行反应吗?人工操作无法实现高吞吐量,因此高吞吐量技术逐渐向机械化、自动化方向发展。市场上已经有很多液体操作机器人或点采样器。
高通量筛选技术在药物筛选领域具有很大的应用价值。你知道一种药物从合成到临床使用需要多长时间。在用于人类之前,药物不仅需要在分子水平上进行特征分析,还需要通过细胞和动物实验进行特征分析。在细胞实验中,不仅需要验证药物的效果,筛选药物本身,还需要从许多条件中筛选出较佳的给药条件。避免这种情况是非常昂贵的。高通量筛选技术可以缩短筛选所需时间,提高筛选效率。例如,一个含有300个分子的文库可以用来筛选出真正有效的药物。如果高通量技术可以同时进行900个平行反应(每个分子三个),筛选就可以一步登天。
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